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Fencer Intel
critical 9.8

CVE-2016-4658 json

Nokogiri does not forbid namespace nodes in XPointer ranges

published 2016-09-25 10 y ago modified 2026-10-14 26 d ago also GHSA-fr52-4hqw-p27f , EUVD-2018-0397

cvss
9.8
version 3.0, NVD
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
8.6%
EPSS 8.6% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 95%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

xpointer.c in libxml2 before 2.9.5 (as used in Apple iOS before 10, OS X before 10.12, tvOS before 10, and watchOS before 3, and other products) does not forbid namespace nodes in XPointer ranges, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (use-after-free and memory corruption) via a crafted XML document.

Patch / fix

  • rubygems nokogiri 1.7.1
  • Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP V3.1.5
  • Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP V3.1.5
  • Siemens SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP V3.1.5
  • libxml2 Debian 14, Debian 13, Debian 12 2.9.4+dfsg1-2.1

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2016-4658

  • libxml2 Ubuntu 14.04 LTS 2.9.1+dfsg1-3ubuntu4.9
  • libxml2 Ubuntu 16.04 LTS 2.9.3+dfsg1-1ubuntu0.2

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2016-4658

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • libxml2 RHEL 7 2.9.1-6.el7_9.6
  • libxml2-python RHEL 7 2.9.1-6.el7_9.6

red hat advisories RHSA-2021:3810

  • libxml2 SLES for SAP 12 SP2, SLES for Raspberry Pi 12 SP2, SLES 12 SP2 +2 more 2.9.4-33.1
  • python-libxml2 SLES for SAP 12 SP2, SLES for Raspberry Pi 12 SP2, SLES 12 SP2 +1 more 2.9.4-33.1
  • libxml2 SLES for SAP 11 SP4, SLES 11 SP4, SLE Software Development Kit 11 SP4 2.7.6-0.50.1
  • libxml2-python SLES for SAP 11 SP4, SLES 11 SP4 2.7.6-0.50.4
  • libxml2 SLES for SAP 12 SP1, SLES 12 SP1, SLED 12 SP1 +1 more 2.9.1-26.3.1
  • python-libxml2 SLES for SAP 12 SP1, SLES 12 SP1, SLED 12 SP1 2.9.1-26.3.1

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2017:0380-1SUSE-SU-2016:2652-1SUSE-SU-2016:2650-1

  • rubygem-nokogiri openSUSE Tumbleweed 1.18.9-1.4
  • rubygem-nokogiri openSUSE Tumbleweed 1.18.2-1.1
  • rubygem-nokogiri openSUSE Tumbleweed 1.15.5-1.5
  • libxml2 openSUSE Tumbleweed 2.9.12-1.2
  • rubygem-nokogiri openSUSE Tumbleweed 1.13.3-1.1
  • ruby3.2-rubygem-nokogiri openSUSE Tumbleweed 1.13.9-1.7

opensuse advisories openSUSE-SU-2026:10356-1openSUSE-SU-2025:14697-1openSUSE-SU-2024:14174-1openSUSE-SU-2024:11016-1openSUSE-SU-2024:11912-1openSUSE-SU-2024:13165-1

  • libxml2 Arch Linux 2.9.4+12+ge905f08-1

arch linux advisories AVG-56

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2016-4658 updated cvss 5.3

libxml2: Use after free via namespace node in XPointer ranges

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 libxml2 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 libxml2, libxml2-python
    affected: workaround, no fix planned “Will not fix”
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Client (v. 7) libxml2 2.9.1-6.el7_9.6, libxml2-python 2.9.1-6.el7_9.6 Red Hat Enterprise Linux Client Optional (v. 7) libxml2-devel 2.9.1-6.el7_9.6, libxml2-static 2.9.1-6.el7_9.6, libxml2-debuginfo 2.9.1-6.el7_9.6 Red Hat Enterprise Linux ComputeNode Optional (v. 7) libxml2-devel 2.9.1-6.el7_9.6, libxml2-static 2.9.1-6.el7_9.6, libxml2-debuginfo 2.9.1-6.el7_9.6 Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7) libxml2 2.9.1-6.el7_9.6, libxml2-python 2.9.1-6.el7_9.6 Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server Optional (v. 7) libxml2-static 2.9.1-6.el7_9.6, libxml2-debuginfo 2.9.1-6.el7_9.6 Red Hat Enterprise Linux Workstation (v. 7) libxml2 2.9.1-6.el7_9.6, libxml2-python 2.9.1-6.el7_9.6
    +1 more products
    Red Hat Enterprise Linux Workstation Optional (v. 7) libxml2-static 2.9.1-6.el7_9.6, libxml2-debuginfo 2.9.1-6.el7_9.6
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2021:3810
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 libxml2, mingw-libxml2, mingw32-libxml2, mingw64-libxml2, python3-libxml2
    not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

cisa ICSA-23-348-10 updated cvss 9.8

Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500

  • Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4AX00-1AB0) >= 3.1.0, < 3.1.5 Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4AX00-1AC0) >= 3.1.0, < 3.1.5 Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4FX00-1AB0) >= 3.1.0, < 3.1.5 Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4FX00-1AC0) >= 3.1.0, < 3.1.5 Siemens SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (6AG1518-4AX00-4AC0) >= 3.1.0, < 3.1.5
    affected: fixed in V3.1.5, mitigation support.industry.siemens.com

Facts from CISA's republication of the vendor's own advisory (CSAF); the linked advisory is the authoritative source. CISA notification · csaf

Exploit prediction

8.56% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 95% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-09).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
NVD 3.0 9.8 CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
NVD 2.0 10.0 AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C
GitHub 3.0 9.8 CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
rubygems nokogiri
<1.7.1
1.7.1

Affected products

  • Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP
  • Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP
  • Siemens SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-119 Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer

References

Sources

Fencer Intel keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.