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Fencer Intel
high 7.5

CVE-2021-41098 json

Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference (XXE) in Nokogiri on JRuby

published 5y ago modified 4mo ago also GHSA-2rr5-8q37-2w7h , EUVD-2021-1954

cvss
7.5
version 3.0, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
1.5%
EPSS 1.5% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 73%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

Nokogiri is a Rubygem providing HTML, XML, SAX, and Reader parsers with XPath and CSS selector support. In Nokogiri v1.12.4 and earlier, on JRuby only, the SAX parser resolves external entities by default. Users of Nokogiri on JRuby who parse untrusted documents using any of these classes are affected: Nokogiri::XML::SAX::Parse, Nokogiri::HTML4::SAX::Parser or its alias Nokogiri::HTML::SAX::Parser, Nokogiri::XML::SAX::PushParser, and Nokogiri::HTML4::SAX::PushParser or its alias Nokogiri::HTML::SAX::PushParser. JRuby users should upgrade to Nokogiri v1.12.5 or later to receive a patch for this issue. There are no workarounds available for v1.12.4 or earlier. CRuby users are not affected.

Patch / fix

  • rubygems nokogiri 1.12.5
  • nokogiri nokogiri 1.12.5
  • rubygem-nokogiri openSUSE Tumbleweed 1.18.9-1.4
  • rubygem-nokogiri openSUSE Tumbleweed 1.18.2-1.1
  • rubygem-nokogiri openSUSE Tumbleweed 1.15.5-1.5
  • rubygem-nokogiri openSUSE Tumbleweed 1.12.5-1.1
  • rubygem-nokogiri openSUSE Tumbleweed 1.13.3-1.1
  • ruby3.2-rubygem-nokogiri openSUSE Tumbleweed 1.13.9-1.7

opensuse advisories openSUSE-SU-2026:10356-1openSUSE-SU-2025:14697-1openSUSE-SU-2024:14174-1openSUSE-SU-2024:11577-1openSUSE-SU-2024:11912-1openSUSE-SU-2024:13165-1

Is CVE-2021-41098 in your dependencies? Fencer shows which of your repositories are affected as soon as an advisory lands, and opens the fix as a pull request.

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Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2021-41098 updated cvss 7.5

rubygem-nokogiri: XEE on JRuby

  • Red Hat 3scale API Management Platform 2 nokogiri
    affected: no fix planned “Will not fix”
  • Red Hat CloudForms Management Engine 5 rubygem-nokogiri Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2 3scale_amp Red Hat Satellite 6 tfm-rubygem-nokogiri, tfm-ror52-rubygem-nokogiri
    not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

Exploit prediction

1.46% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 73% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-09).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.0 7.5 CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
NVD 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
NVD 2.0 5.0 AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N
GitHub 3.0 7.5 CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
rubygems nokogiri
<1.12.5
1.12.5

Affected products

  • sparklemotion nokogiri

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-611 Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference

References

Sources

Fencer Intel keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.