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Fencer Intel
high 7.8

CVE-2025-23142 json

sctp: detect and prevent references to a freed transport in sendmsg

published last yr. modified 25d ago also EUVD-2025-13103

cvss
7.8
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.2%
EPSS 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 13%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

sctp: detect and prevent references to a freed transport in sendmsg

sctp_sendmsg() re-uses associations and transports when possible by doing a lookup based on the socket endpoint and the message destination address, and then sctp_sendmsg_to_asoc() sets the selected transport in all the message chunks to be sent.

There's a possible race condition if another thread triggers the removal of that selected transport, for instance, by explicitly unbinding an address with setsockopt(SCTP_SOCKOPT_BINDX_REM), after the chunks have been set up and before the message is sent. This can happen if the send buffer is full, during the period when the sender thread temporarily releases the socket lock in sctp_wait_for_sndbuf().

This causes the access to the transport data in sctp_outq_select_transport(), when the association outqueue is flushed, to result in a use-after-free read.

This change avoids this scenario by having sctp_transport_free() signal the freeing of the transport, tagging it as "dead". In order to do this, the patch restores the "dead" bit in struct sctp_transport, which was removed in commit 47faa1e4c50e ("sctp: remove the dead field of sctp_transport").

Then, in the scenario where the sender thread has released the socket lock in sctp_wait_for_sndbuf(), the bit is checked again after re-acquiring the socket lock to detect the deletion. This is done while holding a reference to the transport to prevent it from being freed in the process.

If the transport was deleted while the socket lock was relinquished, sctp_sendmsg_to_asoc() will return -EAGAIN to let userspace retry the send.

The bug was found by a private syzbot instance (see the error report [1] and the C reproducer that triggers it [2]).

Patch / fix

  • Linux Linux 3.19, 4.5, 4.10, 4.15, 4.20, 5.4.293, 5.10.237, 5.15.181, 6.1.135, 6.6.88, 6.12.24, 6.13.12, 6.14.3, 6.15
  • linux Debian 12 6.1.135-1
  • linux Debian 14, Debian 13 6.12.25-1

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2025-23142

  • linux Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 5.15.0-144.157
  • linux Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 6.8.0-100.100
  • linux-aws Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 5.15.0-1088.95
  • linux-aws Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 6.8.0-1046.49
  • linux-gcp Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 5.15.0-1087.96
  • linux-gcp Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 6.8.0-1047.50
  • linux-gke Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 5.15.0-1085.91
  • linux-gke Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 6.8.0-1043.48

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2025-23142

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • kernel-rt RHEL 9.2 E4S 5.14.0-284.154.1.rt14.439.el9_2
  • kernel-rt-kvm RHEL 9.2 E4S 5.14.0-284.154.1.rt14.439.el9_2
  • kernel-rt-core RHEL 9.2 E4S 5.14.0-284.154.1.rt14.439.el9_2
  • kernel-rt-modules RHEL 9.2 E4S 5.14.0-284.154.1.rt14.439.el9_2
  • kernel-rt-debug-kvm RHEL 9.2 E4S 5.14.0-284.154.1.rt14.439.el9_2
  • kernel-rt-debug-core RHEL 9.2 E4S 5.14.0-284.154.1.rt14.439.el9_2
  • kernel-rt-modules-core RHEL 9.2 E4S 5.14.0-284.154.1.rt14.439.el9_2
  • kernel-rt-debug-modules RHEL 9.2 E4S 5.14.0-284.154.1.rt14.439.el9_2

red hat advisories RHSA-2026:1443RHSA-2026:1441RHSA-2026:0576RHSA-2026:0537RHSA-2026:0489RHSA-2026:0457

  • kernel-coco SLE Module for Confidential Computing Technical Preview 15 SP6 6.4.0-15061.28.coco15sp6.1
  • kernel-syms-coco SLE Module for Confidential Computing Technical Preview 15 SP6 6.4.0-15061.28.coco15sp6.1
  • kernel-coco_debug SLE Module for Confidential Computing Technical Preview 15 SP6 6.4.0-15061.28.coco15sp6.1
  • kernel-source-coco SLE Module for Confidential Computing Technical Preview 15 SP6 6.4.0-15061.28.coco15sp6.1
  • kernel-rt Real Time Module 15 SP7 6.4.0-150700.7.8.1
  • kernel-syms-rt Real Time Module 15 SP7 6.4.0-150700.7.8.1
  • kernel-source-rt Real Time Module 15 SP7 6.4.0-150700.7.8.1
  • kernel-64kb SLE Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 6.4.0-150700.53.6.1

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2025:02923-1SUSE-SU-2025:02333-1SUSE-SU-2025:02307-1SUSE-SU-2025:02254-1SUSE-SU-2025:02000-1SUSE-SU-2025:20413-1

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Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2025-23142 updated cvss 7.5

kernel: Linux kernel: SCTP use-after-free due to race condition in sendmsg

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 perf, kernel, python-perf, kernel-kdump, kernel-firmware, kernel-bootwrapper, +1 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 perf, kernel, bpftool, kernel-rt, python-perf, kernel-kdump, +8 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 perf, kernel, bpftool, kernel-rt, kernel-core, kernel-tools, +29 more
    affected: workaround, no fix planned “Out of support scope”
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 rv, perf, rtla, kernel, bpftool, libperf, +83 more
    affected: workaround, no fix available
  • Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.4) libperf 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, kernel-debuginfo-common-s390x 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, kernel-debuginfo-common-ppc64le 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:0489
  • Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.6) libperf 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, kernel-debuginfo-common-s390x 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, kernel-debuginfo-common-ppc64le 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:0457
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.0) perf 5.14.0-70.161.1.el9_0, kernel-devel-matched 5.14.0-70.161.1.el9_0, kernel-debug-devel-matched 5.14.0-70.161.1.el9_0, kernel-debuginfo-common-s390x 5.14.0-70.161.1.el9_0, kernel-zfcpdump-devel-matched 5.14.0-70.161.1.el9_0, kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64 5.14.0-70.161.1.el9_0, +2 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:0576
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.2) perf 5.14.0-284.154.1.el9_2, rtla 5.14.0-284.154.1.el9_2, kernel-devel-matched 5.14.0-284.154.1.el9_2, kernel-64k-devel-matched 5.14.0-284.154.1.el9_2, kernel-debug-devel-matched 5.14.0-284.154.1.el9_2, kernel-debuginfo-common-s390x 5.14.0-284.154.1.el9_2, +5 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:1441
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.4) rv 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, perf 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, rtla 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, kernel-devel-matched 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, kernel-64k-devel-matched 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, kernel-debug-devel-matched 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, +6 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:0489
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.6) rv 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, perf 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, rtla 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, python3-perf 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, kernel-devel-matched 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, kernel-64k-devel-matched 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, +7 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:0457
show 12 more
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.9.0) kernel 5.14.0-70.161.1.el9_0, bpftool 5.14.0-70.161.1.el9_0, kernel-core 5.14.0-70.161.1.el9_0, kernel-tools 5.14.0-70.161.1.el9_0, python3-perf 5.14.0-70.161.1.el9_0, kernel-modules 5.14.0-70.161.1.el9_0, +14 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:0576
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.9.2) bpftool 7.0.0-284.154.1.el9_2, kernel 5.14.0-284.154.1.el9_2, kernel-64k 5.14.0-284.154.1.el9_2, kernel-core 5.14.0-284.154.1.el9_2, kernel-tools 5.14.0-284.154.1.el9_2, python3-perf 5.14.0-284.154.1.el9_2, +28 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:1441
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v.9.4) bpftool 7.3.0-427.106.1.el9_4, kernel 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, kernel-64k 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, kernel-core 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, kernel-tools 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, python3-perf 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, +28 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:0489
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v.9.6) kernel 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, kernel-64k 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, kernel-core 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, kernel-tools 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, kernel-modules 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, kernel-64k-core 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, +27 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:0457
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux NFV E4S (v.9.0) kernel-rt 5.14.0-70.161.1.rt21.233.el9_0, kernel-rt-kvm 5.14.0-70.161.1.rt21.233.el9_0, kernel-rt-core 5.14.0-70.161.1.rt21.233.el9_0, kernel-rt-modules 5.14.0-70.161.1.rt21.233.el9_0, kernel-rt-debug-kvm 5.14.0-70.161.1.rt21.233.el9_0, kernel-rt-debug-core 5.14.0-70.161.1.rt21.233.el9_0, +4 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time E4S (v.9.0) kernel-rt 5.14.0-70.161.1.rt21.233.el9_0, kernel-rt-core 5.14.0-70.161.1.rt21.233.el9_0, kernel-rt-modules 5.14.0-70.161.1.rt21.233.el9_0, kernel-rt-debug-core 5.14.0-70.161.1.rt21.233.el9_0, kernel-rt-debug-modules 5.14.0-70.161.1.rt21.233.el9_0, kernel-rt-modules-extra 5.14.0-70.161.1.rt21.233.el9_0, +2 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:0537
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time E4S (v.9.2) kernel-rt 5.14.0-284.154.1.rt14.439.el9_2, kernel-rt-core 5.14.0-284.154.1.rt14.439.el9_2, kernel-rt-modules 5.14.0-284.154.1.rt14.439.el9_2, kernel-rt-debug-core 5.14.0-284.154.1.rt14.439.el9_2, kernel-rt-modules-core 5.14.0-284.154.1.rt14.439.el9_2, kernel-rt-debug-modules 5.14.0-284.154.1.rt14.439.el9_2, +4 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:1443
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time EUS (v.9.4) kernel-rt 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-core 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-modules 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-debug-core 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-modules-core 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-debug-modules 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, +4 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:0489
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time EUS (v.9.6) kernel-rt 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-64k 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-core 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-modules 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-64k-core 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-debug-core 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, +14 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:0457
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV E4S (v.9.2) kernel-rt 5.14.0-284.154.1.rt14.439.el9_2, kernel-rt-kvm 5.14.0-284.154.1.rt14.439.el9_2, kernel-rt-core 5.14.0-284.154.1.rt14.439.el9_2, kernel-rt-modules 5.14.0-284.154.1.rt14.439.el9_2, kernel-rt-debug-kvm 5.14.0-284.154.1.rt14.439.el9_2, kernel-rt-debug-core 5.14.0-284.154.1.rt14.439.el9_2, +6 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:1443
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV EUS (v.9.4) kernel-rt 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-kvm 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-core 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-modules 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-debug-kvm 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-debug-core 5.14.0-427.106.1.el9_4, +6 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:0489
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV EUS (v.9.6) kernel-rt 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-kvm 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-core 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-modules 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-debug-kvm 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-debug-core 5.14.0-570.77.1.el9_6, +6 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:0457
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 kernel
    not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total
Assessed
25d ago

Exploit prediction

0.23% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 13% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-09).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 7.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
NVD 3.1 7.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected products

  • Linux Linux

Classification

Weakness
Technology feeds

References

Sources

Fencer Intel keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.