CVE-2025-54572 json
Ruby SAML DOS vulnerability with large SAML response
published last yr. modified last mo. also EUVD-2025-23157 , GHSA-rrqh-93c8-j966
- cvss
- 6.9
- version 4.0, CNA
- cisa kev
- Not listed
- not in CISA's catalog
- epss
- 0.5%
- EPSS 0.5% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 39%
- public exploits
- 0
- none known
Summary
The Ruby SAML library is for implementing the client side of a SAML authorization. In versions 1.18.0 and below, a denial-of-service vulnerability exists in ruby-saml even with the message_max_bytesize setting configured. The vulnerability occurs because the SAML response is validated for Base64 format prior to checking the message size, leading to potential resource exhaustion. This is fixed in version 1.18.1.
Patch / fix
- rubygems ruby-saml 1.18.1
- onelogin ruby-saml 1.18.1
Is CVE-2025-54572 in your dependencies? Fencer shows which of your repositories are affected as soon as an advisory lands, and opens the fix as a pull request.
Check with FencerCISA SSVC
- Exploitation
- none
- Automatable
- yes
- Technical impact
- partial
- Assessed
- last yr.
Exploit prediction
0.46% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 39% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-09).
CVSS scores
| assigned by | version | score | vector |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA | 4.0 | 6.9 | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N |
| CNA | 4.0 | 6.9 | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X |
Affected packages
| ecosystem | package | affected | fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| rubygems | ruby-saml | <1.18.1 |
1.18.1 |
Affected products
- SAML-Toolkits ruby-saml
Classification
References
-
github.com
/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/pull/770
web
-
github.com
/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/38ef5dd1ce17514e202431f569c4f5633e6c2709
web
-
github.com
/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-rrqh-93c8-j966
web
-
github.com
/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/releases/tag/v1.18.1
web
-
lists.debian.org
/debian-lts-announce/2025/09/msg00001.html
web
-
nvd.nist.gov
/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54572
advisory
-
github.com
/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml
package
-
github.com
/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/ruby-saml/CVE-2025-54572.yml
web
Sources
- CVE List CVE-2025-54572
- GitHub Advisory GHSA-rrqh-93c8-j966
- NVD CVE-2025-54572
Fencer Intel keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.
CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.