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Fencer Intel
high 7.3

CVE-2025-5878 json

ESAPI esapi-java-legacy SQL Injection Defense Encoder.encodeForSQL special element

published last yr. modified 4mo ago also EUVD-2025-28693

cvss
7.3
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.5%
EPSS 0.5% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 42%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

A vulnerability was found in ESAPI esapi-java-legacy and classified as problematic. This issue affects the interface Encoder.encodeForSQL of the SQL Injection Defense. An attack leads to an improper neutralization of special elements. The attack may be initiated remotely and an exploit has been disclosed to the public. The project was contacted early about this issue and handled it with an exceptional level of professionalism. Upgrading to version 2.7.0.0 is able to address this issue. Commit ID f75ac2c2647a81d2cfbdc9c899f8719c240ed512 is disabling the feature by default and any attempt to use it will trigger a warning. And commit ID e2322914304d9b1c52523ff24be495b7832f6a56 is updating the misleading Java class documentation to warn about the risks.

Patch / fix

  • ESAPI esapi-java-legacy 2.7.0.0
  • libowasp-esapi-java Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 2.4.0.0-2ubuntu0.1
  • libowasp-esapi-java Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS 2.1.0-2ubuntu0.1~esm1
  • libowasp-esapi-java Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS 2.1.0-3ubuntu0.18.04.1~esm1
  • libowasp-esapi-java Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS 2.1.0-3ubuntu0.20.04.1~esm1
  • libowasp-esapi-java Ubuntu Pro 22.04 LTS 2.2.3.1-1ubuntu0.1~esm1

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2025-5878

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

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CISA SSVC

Exploitation
Proof of concept is public
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
last yr.

Exploit prediction

0.49% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 42% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-09).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 4.0 6.9 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
CNA 3.1 7.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
CNA 3.0 7.3 CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
CNA 2.0 7.5 AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P/E:POC/RL:OF/RC:C
CNA 4.0 5.5 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
CNA 3.1 7.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
CNA 2.0 7.5 AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P

Affected products

  • ESAPI esapi-java-legacy

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-138 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements
  • CWE-20 Improper Input Validation

References

Sources

Fencer Intel keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.