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Fencer Intel
medium 6.1

CVE-2025-65026 json

esm.sh CDN service has JS Template Literal Injection in CSS-to-JavaScript

published 11mo ago modified 22d ago also GHSA-hcpf-qv9m-vfgp , GO-2025-4139 , EUVD-2025-198180

cvss
6.1
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.5%
EPSS 0.5% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 44%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

esm.sh is a nobuild content delivery network(CDN) for modern web development. Prior to version 136, The esm.sh CDN service contains a Template Literal Injection vulnerability (CWE-94) in its CSS-to-JavaScript module conversion feature. When a CSS file is requested with the ?module query parameter, esm.sh converts it to a JavaScript module by embedding the CSS content directly into a template literal without proper sanitization. An attacker can inject malicious JavaScript code using ${...} expressions within CSS files, which will execute when the module is imported by victim applications. This enables Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) in browsers and Remote Code Execution (RCE) in Electron applications. This issue has been patched in version 136.

Patch / fix

  • go github.com/esm-dev/esm.sh 0.0.0-20251118065157-87d2f6497574
  • esm esm.sh 136
  • govulncheck-vulndb SLE Module for Package Hub 15 SP6, openSUSE Leap 15.6 0.0.20251209T172047-150000.1.127.1

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2025:4395-1

  • govulncheck-vulndb openSUSE Leap 16.0 0.0.20260723T184607-160000.1.1

opensuse advisories openSUSE-SU-2026:21483-1

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CISA SSVC

Exploitation
Proof of concept is public
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
11mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.51% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 44% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-09).

Exploits and checks

  • github.com https://github.com/esm-dev/esm.sh/security/advisories/GHSA-hcpf-qv9m-vfgp referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 6.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
NVD 3.1 9.6 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
GitHub 3.1 6.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
go github.com/esm-dev/esm.sh
<0.0.0-20251118065157-87d2f6497574
0.0.0-20251118065157-87d2f6497574

Affected products

  • esm-dev esm.sh

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code
  • CWE-79 Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation

References

Sources

Fencer Intel keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.