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Fencer Intel
high 8.8

CVE-2025-66474 json

XWiki vulnerable to remote code execution through insufficient protection against {{/html}} injection

published 10mo ago modified last mo. also EUVD-2025-202429 , GHSA-9xc6-c2rm-f27p

cvss
8.8
version 3.1, NVD
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
1.0%
EPSS 1.0% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 63%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

XWiki Rendering is a generic rendering system that converts textual input in a given syntax (wiki syntax, HTML, etc) into another syntax (XHTML, etc). Versions 16.10.9 and below, 17.0.0-rc-1 through 17.4.2 and 17.5.0-rc-1 through 17.5.0 have insufficient protection against {{/html}} injection, which attackers can exploit through RCE. Any user who can edit their own profile or any other document can execute arbitrary script macros, including Groovy and Python macros, which enable remote code execution as well as unrestricted read and write access to all wiki contents. This issue is fixed in versions 16.10.10, 17.4.3 and 17.6.0-rc-1.

Patch / fix

  • maven org.xwiki.rendering:xwiki-rendering-xml 16.10.10, 17.4.3, 17.6.0-rc-1
  • org.xwiki.rendering xwiki-rendering-xml 16.10.10, 17.4.3, 17.6.0-rc-1
  • xwiki rendering 16.10.10, 17.4.3, 17.6.0-rc-1
  • xwiki xwiki-rendering 16.10.10, 17.4.3, 17.6.0-rc-1

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CISA SSVC

Exploitation
Proof of concept is public
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total
Assessed
10mo ago

Exploit prediction

1.02% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 63% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-09).

Exploits and checks

  • jira.xwiki.org https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XRENDERING-693 referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified
  • jira.xwiki.org https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XRENDERING-792 referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified
  • jira.xwiki.org https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XRENDERING-793 referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 4.0 8.7 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CNA 4.0 8.7 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
NVD 3.1 8.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
maven org.xwiki.rendering:xwiki-rendering-xml
<16.10.10
>=17.0.0-rc-1, <17.4.3
>=17.5.0-rc-1, <17.6.0-rc-1
16.10.10
17.4.3
17.6.0-rc-1

Affected products

  • xwiki xwiki-rendering

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-95 Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code
  • CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code

References

Sources

Fencer Intel keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.