CVE-2025-71397 json
SurrealDB before 2.2.2 CPU Exhaustion via nested FOR loops
published last yr. modified 11d ago also GHSA-pxw4-94j3-v9pf , EUVD-2025-210488
- cvss
- 6.5
- version 3.1, NVD
- cisa kev
- Not listed
- not in CISA's catalog
- epss
- 0.6%
- EPSS 0.6% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 46%
- public exploits
- 0
- none known
Summary
SurrealDB before 2.0.5, 2.1.x before 2.1.5, and 2.2.x before 2.2.2 allows authenticated users with OWNER or EDITOR permissions (at the root, namespace, or database level) to define custom database functions via DEFINE FUNCTION using nested FOR loops. Although a single loop's iteration count is constrained, nesting multiple loops (e.g., each with 1,000,000 iterations) is not, so an attacker can execute a function that consumes all server CPU time. Configured timeouts do not stop the execution, rendering the server unresponsive to other queries and connections until it is manually restarted.
Patch / fix
- crates.io surrealdb 2.0.5, 2.1.5, 2.2.2
- surrealdb surrealdb 2.0.5, 2.1.5, 2.2.2
- github.com/surrealdb/surrealdb#5597 pull request
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Check with FencerCISA SSVC
- Exploitation
- none
- Automatable
- no
- Technical impact
- partial
- Assessed
- 3mo ago
Exploit prediction
0.55% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 46% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-09).
CVSS scores
| assigned by | version | score | vector |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA | 4.0 | 7.1 | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N |
| CNA | 4.0 | 7.1 | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X |
| NVD | 3.1 | 6.5 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H |
Affected packages
| ecosystem | package | affected | fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| crates.io | surrealdb | >=2.2.0, <2.2.2 >=2.1.0, <2.1.5 <2.0.5 |
2.2.2 2.1.5 2.0.5 |
Affected products
- surrealdb surrealdb
Classification
- Weakness
-
- CWE-835 Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition
References
-
github.com
/surrealdb/surrealdb/pull/5597
web
-
github.com
/surrealdb/surrealdb/security/advisories/GHSA-pxw4-94j3-v9pf
vendor-advisory, web
-
vulncheck.com
/advisories/surrealdb-before-cpu-exhaustion-via-nested-for-loops
third-party-advisory
-
github.com
/surrealdb/surrealdb
package
Sources
- CVE List CVE-2025-71397
- GitHub Advisory GHSA-pxw4-94j3-v9pf
- NVD CVE-2025-71397
Fencer Intel keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.