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Fencer Intel
high 7.5

CVE-2026-104016 json

jackson-dataformat-protobuf: signed integer overflow in string-length paths allows unbounded array allocation and OutOfMemoryError

published 12d ago modified 5d ago also EUVD-2026-111529

cvss
7.5
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.7%
EPSS 0.7% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 52%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

ProtobufParser parses length-prefixed protobuf string and bytes fields by checking (_inputPtr + len) <= _inputEnd and then, on the fast path, calling _finishShortText(len). Both use 32-bit signed integer arithmetic. When an attacker supplies a varint decoding to a length near Integer.MAX_VALUE, _inputPtr + len overflows to a negative value, the bounds check passes, and _finishShortText(len) reaches TextBuffer.expandCurrentSegment(len), which performs Arrays.copyOf with no cap and throws OutOfMemoryError: Requested array size exceeds VM limit.

The JVM refuses arrays larger than Integer.MAX_VALUE - 8 before consulting available heap, so -Xmx tuning does not mitigate the issue. StreamReadConstraints.maxStringLength and maxDocumentLength do not gate this path: a 33-byte payload is far below any document-length cap and the string-length check does not fire before the allocation. This was confirmed empirically against shipping artifacts with maxStringLength, maxDocumentLength and maxNestingDepth all configured.

A February 2026 hardening commit added the equivalent overflow guard to the packed-array-length and message-length paths but left the string-length call sites unguarded. No privileges or user interaction beyond the ability to submit data for parsing are required.

Patch / fix

  • FasterXML jackson-dataformat-protobuf 2.18.12, 2.21.8, 2.22.4, 3.1.8, 3.2.4
  • jackson-dataformats-binary Debian 14 2.22.4-1

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2026-104016

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Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2026-104016 updated cvss 7.5

com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat/jackson-dataformat-protobuf: jackson-dataformat-protobuf: Denial of Service via integer overflow during field parsing

  • Red Hat build of Apache Camel 4 for Quarkus 3 jackson-dataformat-protobuf 2.21.7.redhat-00001 Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 4 jackson-dataformat-protobuf 2.21.7.redhat-00001
    affected: no fix available
  • Red Hat Fuse 7 jackson-dataformat-protobuf 2.21.7.redhat-00001
    affected: no fix available “Fix deferred”
  • Red Hat Build of Apache Camel 3.33.4.SP1 jackson-dataformat-protobuf 2.21.8.redhat-00001
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:91304
  • Red Hat Build of Apache Camel 3.33.4.SP1 jimfs 1.1, jna 5.8.0, bcel 6.7.0, gax 2.74.1, icu4j 78.2, joni 2.2.6, +1616 more
    not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
5d ago

Exploit prediction

0.68% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 52% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-09).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Affected products

  • FasterXML jackson-dataformat-protobuf

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-190 Integer Overflow or Wraparound

References

Sources

Fencer Intel keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.