CVE-2026-128091 json
AES key schedule not cleared by the TinyCrypt AES-CTR backend in MCUboot bootutil
published yesterday modified 7h ago also EUVD-2026-124811 , GHSA-wx3x-935q-6rcf
Unreviewed: the maintainers' own advisory
Published by the maintainers on their GitHub repository mcu-tools/mcuboot. GitHub has not reviewed it into the GitHub Advisory Database, so the affected packages and versions are the maintainers' word. Read the full advisory on GitHub.
- cvss
- 2.0
- version 3.1, CNA
- cisa kev
- Not listed
- not in CISA's catalog
- epss
- 0.1%
- EPSS 0.1% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 0%
- public exploits
- 0
- none known
Summary
When MCUboot is built with the TinyCrypt crypto backend (MCUBOOT_USE_TINYCRYPT), bootutil_aes_ctr_drop() in boot/bootutil/include/bootutil/crypto/aes_ctr_tinycrypt.h was an empty stub. The AES-CTR context for this backend is the fully expanded AES-128 key schedule (struct tc_aes_key_sched_struct). Generic code relies on this hook to release and clear key state, so with TinyCrypt nothing was cleared. The mbedTLS and PSA backends do free or destroy their key state here.
As a result, boot_state_clear(), which boot_go() calls before handing off to the application, left the image's AES content-encryption key schedule in the static boot_data state. This is the case after an encrypted upgrade in single-image builds, where boot_enc_zeroize() is not called. boot_decrypt_key() likewise left the ECIES-derived key-encryption key schedule on the stack. The affected build uses MCUBOOT_ENC_IMAGES with TinyCrypt, which is the default ECDSA and Ed25519 backend in the Zephyr port.
The first AES-128 round key equals the cipher key, so anyone who can read the leftover bootloader RAM after boot can recover the image content key and decrypt that encrypted image. That includes a physical attacker with debug or RAM access, or code later running on the device. This weakens image-encryption key confidentiality (and so the confidentiality of the encrypted image's plaintext). The device's long-term private decryption key is not exposed, and image authenticity is not affected. The fix wipes the context with bootutil_wipe_memory().
Patch / fix
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Check with FencerExploit prediction
0.08% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 0% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-13).
CVSS scores
| assigned by | version | score | vector |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA | 3.1 | 2.0 | CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N |
Affected products
- mcu-tools mcuboot
Classification
- Weakness
-
- CWE-226 Sensitive Information in Resource Not Removed Before Reuse
References
Sources
- CVE List CVE-2026-128091
- NVD CVE-2026-128091
- Maintainer advisory GHSA-wx3x-935q-6rcf
Fencer Intel keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.
The maintainers of mcu-tools/mcuboot published their own advisory on GitHub. Reviewed sources take precedence over it.