high 7.5

CVE-2026-31557 json

nvmet: move async event work off nvmet-wq

published 2026-04-24 6mo ago modified 2026-10-30 10d ago also EUVD-2026-25450

cvss: 7.5; version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev: Not listed; not in CISA's catalog
epss: 0.5%; EPSS 0.5% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 39%
public exploits: 0; none known

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

For target nvmet_ctrl_free() flushes ctrl->async_event_work. If nvmet_ctrl_free() runs on nvmet-wq, the flush re-enters workqueue completion for the same worker:-

A. Async event work queued on nvmet-wq (prior to disconnect): nvmet_execute_async_event() queue_work(nvmet_wq, &ctrl->async_event_work)

nvmet_add_async_event() queue_work(nvmet_wq, &ctrl->async_event_work)

B. Full pre-work chain (RDMA CM path): nvmet_rdma_cm_handler() nvmet_rdma_queue_disconnect() __nvmet_rdma_queue_disconnect() queue_work(nvmet_wq, &queue->release_work) process_one_work() lock((wq_completion)nvmet-wq) <--------- 1st nvmet_rdma_release_queue_work()

C. Recursive path (same worker): nvmet_rdma_release_queue_work() nvmet_rdma_free_queue() nvmet_sq_destroy() nvmet_ctrl_put() nvmet_ctrl_free() flush_work(&ctrl->async_event_work) __flush_work() touch_wq_lockdep_map() lock((wq_completion)nvmet-wq) <--------- 2nd

Lockdep splat:

============================================ WARNING: possible recursive locking detected 6.19.0-rc3nvme+ #14 Tainted: G N -------------------------------------------- kworker/u192:42/44933 is trying to acquire lock: ffff888118a00948 ((wq_completion)nvmet-wq){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x26/0x90

but task is already holding lock: ffff888118a00948 ((wq_completion)nvmet-wq){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x53e/0x660

3 locks held by kworker/u192:42/44933: #0: ffff888118a00948 ((wq_completion)nvmet-wq){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x53e/0x660 #1: ffffc9000e6cbe28 ((work_completion)(&queue->release_work)){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x1c5/0x660 #2: ffffffff82d4db60 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: __flush_work+0x62/0x530

Workqueue: nvmet-wq nvmet_rdma_release_queue_work [nvmet_rdma] Call Trace: __flush_work+0x268/0x530 nvmet_ctrl_free+0x140/0x310 [nvmet] nvmet_cq_put+0x74/0x90 [nvmet] nvmet_rdma_free_queue+0x23/0xe0 [nvmet_rdma] nvmet_rdma_release_queue_work+0x19/0x50 [nvmet_rdma] process_one_work+0x206/0x660 worker_thread+0x184/0x320 kthread+0x10c/0x240 ret_from_fork+0x319/0x390

Move async event work to a dedicated nvmet-aen-wq to avoid reentrant flush on nvmet-wq.

Patch / fix

fixed in 1 distros 4 links 6

Linux Linux 5.16, 5.18, 6.1.191, 6.6.160, 6.12.80, 6.18.21, 6.19.11, 7.0

debian ubuntu suse opensuse

linux Debian 13 6.12.85-1
linux Debian 14 6.19.11-1

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2026-31557

linux Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 6.8.0-136.136
linux-aws Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 6.8.0-1061.64
linux-gcp Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 6.8.0-1064.72
linux-gke Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 6.8.0-1059.67
linux-ibm Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 6.8.0-1061.62
linux-azure Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 6.8.0-1063.71
linux-gkeop Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 6.8.0-1046.50
linux-raspi Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 6.8.0-1061.65

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2026-31557

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

kernel-64kb SLE Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 6.4.0-150700.53.81.1
kernel-syms SLE Module for Development Tools 15 SP7 6.4.0-150700.53.81.1
kernel-azure SLE Module for Public Cloud 15 SP7 6.4.0-150700.53.81.1
kernel-source SLE Module for Development Tools 15 SP7, SLE Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 6.4.0-150700.53.81.1
kernel-default SLE Workstation Extension 15 SP7, SLE Module for Legacy 15 SP7, SLE Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 +2 more 6.4.0-150700.53.81.1
kernel-zfcpdump SLE Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 6.4.0-150700.53.81.1
kernel-obs-build SLE Module for Development Tools 15 SP7 6.4.0-150700.53.81.1
kernel-default-base SLE Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 6.4.0-150700.53.81.1.150700.17.45.1

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2026:4254-1 SUSE-SU-2026:4120-1 SUSE-SU-2026:23481-1 SUSE-SU-2026:23477-1 SUSE-SU-2026:23529-1 SUSE-SU-2026:23528-1

kernel-rt openSUSE Leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.37.1
dtb-aarch64 openSUSE Leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.37.1
kernel-64kb openSUSE Leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.37.1
kernel-syms openSUSE Leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.37.1
kernel-azure openSUSE Leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.37.1
kernel-obs-qa openSUSE Leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.37.1
kernel-source openSUSE Leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.37.1
kernel-default openSUSE Leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.37.1

opensuse advisories openSUSE-SU-2026:21555-1

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Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2026-31557 updated 2026-11-07 cvss 5.5

kernel: nvmet: move async event work off nvmet-wq

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 perf, kernel, bpftool, kernel-rt, python-perf, kernel-kdump, +8 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 perf, kernel, bpftool, kernel-rt, kernel-core, kernel-tools, +29 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 rv, perf, rtla, kernel, bpftool, libperf, +83 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 kernel
affected: workaround, no fix available “To mitigate this issue, prevent the nvmet module from being loaded. See https://access.redhat.com/solutions/41278 for instructions.”
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 perf, kernel, python-perf, kernel-kdump, kernel-firmware, kernel-bootwrapper, +1 more
not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical impact: partial
Assessed: 24d ago (2026-10-16)

Exploit prediction

0.45% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 39% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-09).

CVSS scores

assigned by	version	score	vector
CNA	3.1	7.5	CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Affected products

Linux Linux

Classification

Weakness

CWE-667 Improper Locking

Technology feeds

Linux kernel rss critical rss

References

Sources

CVE List CVE-2026-31557
NVD CVE-2026-31557

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