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Fencer Intel
high 7.5

CVE-2026-84384 json

libheif: brotli/zlib decompression paths lack output-size limits, allowing decompression-bomb OOM/DoS

published 2mo ago modified last mo. also EUVD-2026-83022 , GHSA-24wx-9w62-c96w

Unreviewed: the maintainers' own advisory

Published by the maintainers on their GitHub repository strukturag/libheif. GitHub has not reviewed it into the GitHub Advisory Database, so the affected packages and versions are the maintainers' word. Read the full advisory on GitHub.

cvss
7.5
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.5%
EPSS 0.5% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 44%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

libheif is a HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. From 1.19.0 until 1.23.2, crafted HEIF or AVIF mime metadata and unci image data can cause decompress_brotli() and do_inflate() to grow accumulated output without an effective size limit or MemoryHandle accounting. The brotli path has no output bound, while the zlib path checks only a small temporary buffer in a branch that valid streams do not reach, and overlapping icef units can decompress the same payload repeatedly. HeifContext::interpret_heif_file_images() processes multiple compressed metadata items during file opening, allowing a small file to consume unbounded memory and terminate the process. This issue is fixed in version 1.23.2.

Patch / fix

  • struktur libheif 1.23.2
  • libheif Debian 13 1.23.4-1~deb13u1
  • libheif Debian 14 1.23.2-1

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2026-84384

  • libheif Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 1.17.6-1ubuntu4.9
  • libheif Ubuntu 26.04 LTS 1.21.2-3ubuntu0.6

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2026-84384

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • libheif SLE Module for Package Hub 15 SP7, SLE Module for Desktop Applications 15 SP7 1.23.4-150700.3.21.1

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2026:4276-1

  • libheif openSUSE Leap 16.0 1.23.4-160000.1.1
  • libheif openSUSE Tumbleweed 1.23.4-1.1

opensuse advisories openSUSE-SU-2026:21889-1openSUSE-SU-2026:11719-1

Is CVE-2026-84384 in your stack? Fencer shows which of your repositories are affected as soon as an advisory lands, and opens the fix as a pull request.

Check with Fencer

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2026-84384 updated cvss 7.5

libheif: libheif: Denial of Service due to unbounded memory consumption via crafted HEIF/AVIF files

  • Red Hat All currently supported Red Hat products
    not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
Proof of concept is public
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
last mo.

Exploit prediction

0.52% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 44% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-11).

Exploits and checks

  • github.com https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/security/advisories/GHSA-24wx-9w62-c96w referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Affected products

  • strukturag libheif

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-409 Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)

References

Sources

Fencer Intel keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

The maintainers of strukturag/libheif published their own advisory on GitHub. Reviewed sources take precedence over it.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.