ASA-2024-010: cosmossdk.io/math: Mismatched bit-length validation in sdk.Int and sdk.Dec can lead to panic

Summary

Name: ASA-2024-010: Mismatched bit-length in `sdk.Int` and `sdk.Dec` can lead to panic Component: Cosmos SDK / Math Criticality: High (Considerable Impact, and Possible Likelihood per [ACMv1.2](https://github.com/interchainio/security/blob/main/resources/CLASSIFICATION_MATRIX.md)) Affected versions: `cosmossdk.io/math` package versions <= `math/v1.3.0` Affected users: Chain Builders + Maintainers, Validators

### Impact

The bit-length in `sdk.Int` and `sdk.Dec` are not aligned, which may present a possible panic condition when interacting with `Dec` types in an `Int` context. This issue was resolved by aligning the max size between the data types in the cosmossdk.io/math package.

This issue impacts consumers of the cosmossdk.io/math, which includes popular modules including IBC-Go and tokenfactory (permissionless). If your chain interacts with APIs in the cosmossdk.io/math package, or utilizes a module that consumes this library, it is advised to update to the latest version at the time of the patch release by updating your project's go.mod dependency for cosmossdk.io/math.

The patch can be applied without a hard-fork, and with a version bump in a chain's go.mod file like the following:

#### `go.mod`

```diff - cosmossdk.io/math v1.3.0 + cosmossdk.io/math v1.4.0 ```

> [!NOTE] > When on a lower version than cosmossdk.io/math v1.3.0, please do a coordinated upgrade before upgrading to >= 1.3.0

### Patches

The new release of `cosmossdk.io/math v1.4.0` resolves this issue. Chains that utilize the cosmossdk.io/math library or modules that utilize the cosmossdk.io/math library should update to avoid this condition.

### Timeline

* October 31, 2024, 6:55pm UTC: Issue reported to the Cosmos Bug Bounty program * October 31, 2024, 8:56pm UTC: Issue triaged by Amulet on-call, and distributed to Core team * Nov 15, 2024, 2:12am PST: Core team completes patch for issue * Nov 19, 2024, 8:00am PST / 16:00 GMT: Pre-notification delivered * Nov 20, 2024, 8:00am PST / 16:00 GMT: Patch made available

This issue was reported by LonelySloth to the Cosmos Bug Bounty Program on HackerOne on October 31, 2024. If you believe you have found a bug in the Interchain Stack or would like to contribute to the program by reporting a bug, please see https://hackerone.com/cosmos.

If you have questions about Interchain security efforts, please reach out to our official communication channel at [security@interchain.io](mailto:security@interchain.io). For more information about the Interchain Foundation’s engagement with Amulet, and to sign up for security notification emails, please see https://github.com/interchainio/security.